Acoustics features of sports facilities on the example of FIFA 2018 football stadiums in Russia

摘要

The FIFA World Cup 2018 an international football tournament took place in Russia at 12 stadiums in 11 cities: Kazan, Kaliningrad, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don, Saint Petersburg, Samara, Saransk, Sochi, Volgograd and Yekaterinburg. Some stadiums were 《greenfield projects》, others were adapted to FIFA requirements. Acoustic parameters as reverberation time and speech transmission are standardized for FIFA stadiums. After the tournament is finished, the stadiums are to be used both for football games and commercial purposes: concerts and shows with the use of PA Systems. If stadiums are used as concert venues, their acoustics should be high. An acoustic survey of the stadiums was carried out. Acoustic parameters were measured in unoccupied stadiums. Recalculation of occupied stadiums was made in computer simulation models. The measured values of acoustic parameters were analyzed and compared with FIFA acoustic requirements. Positive and negative acoustic characteristics of the stadiums were determined. Acoustic characteristics were compared with architectural features.