Land ownership reform in context of neoclassical and political economy potential

摘要

The article deals with the conceptual foundations and consequences of the land property reform implemented since the 1990s, and the constructive concept of land property reform is proposed. It is shown that the current rules of land reform stimulate such negative phenomena as 1) the formation of legal owners who expect to receive parasitic incomes, 2) the development of a speculative land market, 3) the shadow economy expansion of the economic realization of land ownership. At the same time, the role of the weakest link in the Russian agrarian economy in the coming years is claimed by land ownership relations, overcoming the crisis processes in the agricultural sector and the formation of effective land relations are possible only on the basis of an effective national policy in the field of land property, taking into account food security and national interests. It is proved that the constructive position in the current situation in the field of land ownership relations is associated with a strong rejection of ultra-liberalist postulates and the positive development of the land reform correction concept affecting the conflicting interests of different subjects, and, principally direct producers of agricultural products; imputation of ownership and land use to business entities is objectively determined by criteria of maximizing efficiency (maximizing the value of the target function) and has no connection with the form of ownership.