Bataknese' Politeness Strategy in Marhata Sinamot (Dowry Bargaining)

摘要

A bargaining usually happened in a market, but in this research it happened in marhata sinamot. It was one of the step from Bataknese wedding ceremony that discussed about dowry as one from other topic in marhata sinamot. The imposition is higher when the object to bargain was women with different educational and social status background. The politeness strategy in assertives speech act during the discussion in marhata sinamot was the object of this research. This research was conducted in a qualitative descriptive research method. The analysis and interpretation are carried out at the time the data was collected related to the utterances in marhata sinamot ceremony. A qualitative research is also expected to generate a pattern of language behavior from the cultural domain of this study because a descriptive design of study aimed to describe the social aspects to compile new findings in the context of speech act object of study. Related to cultural domain, this research was categorized as an ethnographic research. Bataknese culture was used since the writer is Bataknese. The subject of the research were the Bataknese people in Sidamanik (a sub-district in North Sumatera, Indonesia). The recorded data were transcribed and classified into its kinds of speech act and politeness strategy. 'Stating' speech act with positive politeness strategy were found as the result of analyzing data. Strategy 2. Exaggerate interest, sympathy, etc with the hearer; Str 4. Use in-group identity markers, 'raja' were the dominant positive politeness found from the utterances. The participants also used the negative politeness strategy which were strategy 5 of showing honor. It was found that participants collaboration between concept of the activity and the concept of Dalihan na tolu that had influenced that dominance. Participants mostly gave statement and exchanging information in the process of bargaining the dowry and the process of discussing the preparation to the upcoming wedding ceremony. This also brought to the result that 'stating' speech act dominantly used in marhata sinamot.