BIO-CRUDE UPGRADING OVER EARLY TRANSITION METAL CARBIDE AND NITRIDE-BASED CATALYSTS

摘要

Biomass-derived fuels are a promising, renewable alternative to petroleum-based fuels. The conversion of biomass can proceed via a number of routes including hydrothermal liquefaction and fast pyrolysis. The products from these processes typically contain oxygenated compounds and various functional groups. Upgrading this bio-crude is necessary to produce usable products. Early transition metal carbides and nitrides are promising candidates for use in upgrading bio-crude constituents. Transition metal carbides and nitrides exhibit high activities for several reactions including water gas shift, methanation and hydroprocessing, and can be produced with high surface areas [1-3].