(92)CHILDREN AS A SUBJECT IN THE EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL DIALOG. THE ASPECT OF A PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTURBANCE. CHILDREN THEATRE FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH WRITING FOR YOUTH

摘要

The main purpose of the art therapy is "designing of the path of self-development"[1]. The purpose isfrequently called the emancipation's purpose, which relies on regaining self-identity. The artist-patientcreates the possibility of self-directing in society and self-directing in his/her world of internalexperiences and thoughts. The art therapy allows him/her to find expression and speak his/her mind. Itallows to appear different aspects of "self", to make an internal dialog with him/herself and an externaldialog with the audience. Thus the art therapy increases of artists-patient's conscious of him/herselfand his/her conscious of the world. The internal and external dialog allows the artist to find asubjectivity way of verbal communication. He/she is able to explain his/her own world, to talk abouthim/herself as about a binary subject - an author and object of the story.Which is way the art therapy leans on the dialog cures - first of all - a psychological disturbance - it isnot a physical therapy but psychological therapy relying on rationalization or stimulation of the processof personality and identity's forming, on building of the subjectivity. So the main assumption of the arttherapy is strengthening of self-acceptance and the integration "self" with surroundings. Treating theart therapy as a factor of personality and identity strengthen makes possible to use the art therapy inworking not only with handicapped but also with individuals suffering from a psychological disturbance.I am interested in using the art therapy in the work with children and youth in order to assist of theprocess of self-defining and explicating of the surroundings. I am especially interested in using therapythrough theatre and literary to teach children the way of searching the definition of themselves andunderstanding the relation between them and the surroundings.I would like to focus on a special form of therapy - through children theater for children and childrenwriting for children (which one is unknown in Poland).Barbara Broszkiewicz and Jerzy Jarek in their book titled Workshops of theatrical education - childrentheatre divide the children theatre into four categories: plays and funs based of actors' technique,preparing the spectacle, teaching of actors' technique and children theatre for children. The last oneseems to be privileged by them because of its double subjectivity position of a child who is as actor asan audience. The position makes possible for children to identify with both sides of proscenium - withstage reality and protagonists and with audience and their own reality. The theatre inspires ofimaginations of the young artists and the young audience. So the plots should be the part of children'slife and it should offer the new way of resolving children's' problems to them. It seems the way ofpracticable of children theatre for children can be used in the children/youth writing for children/youth.In both forms of therapy children or youth take part the dialog as a subject who get a possibility to findan expression.In order to tell a few words about the idea of children theater for children and children writing forchildren as a way of subjectiviting of children, I would like to present two Krakow's examples of usingchildren theater for children and Australian example of using children writing for children.