Lightning and Transient Voltage Surge Protection of Wind Turbine Generator and Automation Systems

摘要

Wind turbine generator systems pose several unique challenges when applying a surge protection concept. These include the vulnerability of the structure to direct lightning strikes, the sensitivity of the electronics used for monitoring and control, and the limited space to contain the electronics and electrical equipment. This paper will discuss methods used for successfully protecting wind generator electronics from the damaging effects of a direct lightning strike. In North America, surge protection applications are often referenced to the ANSI/IEEE C62.41.1-2000 standard "Recommended Practice on Surge Voltages in Low Voltage AC Power Circuits." In addition to this North American standard, we will discuss two IEC standards directly related to direct strike protection of electrical systems and wind powered turbine generator systems. These standards are the IEC 61312 "Protection Against Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse" and IEC 61400-24 "Wind Turbine Generator Systems, Lightning Protection." The reader will end with an understanding of the need, application, and justification for installing a complete lightning and surge voltage protection system for insuring reliable operation of wind powered turbine generator systems.