The Relation of Perceived Family Distress to Forgiveness, Hope, and Life Satisfaction Among Indonesian Vocational High School Students

摘要

Forgiveness, hope, and satisfaction with life are areas of study in positive psychology, as well as the determinants of mental health in adolescents with family distress experiences. This study aims to investigate the relation of perceived family distress to forgiveness, hope, and satisfaction with life among Indonesian adolescents. Participants were 909 Indonesian students at a vocational high school (M_(Age)=15.93; SD_(Age)=.909; male=60.3%; female=39.7%). Perceived family distress was measured with the Brief Family Distress Scale and mental health conditions were examined using the Forgiveness Scale, the State Hope Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Data were analyzed using Spearman's rho correlation. The results showed that perceived family distress was negatively and significantly related to forgiveness, hope, and satisfaction with life. The three dimensions of forgiveness (self, others, and situations) and agency subscale of hope were negatively predicted by the perceived family distress, but not on the pathway's subscale of hope. While perceived family distress had a weaker relationship with self-forgiveness in male teenagers, perceived family distress in female teenagers was not significantly related to the forgiveness of others. Hope and its agency subscale in male teenagers were not significantly related to perceived family distress, but those correlations in female teenagers showed significant relationships. Both male and female teenagers showed no significant relationship between perceived family distress and the pathways subscale of hope. Forgiveness, hope, and satisfaction with life when analyzed in pairs had a positive and significant relationship. Compared to male teenagers, forgiveness in female teenagers played a greater role in increasing hope and satisfaction with life.