Emerging genomic technologies, especially next-generation sequencing (metagenomic and/or probe-enrichment) are promising for diagnosis of disease from biodefense agents. New bioinformatics pipelines such as SURPI and MetaPORE can greatly improve computational turnaround times and make these technologies accessible for clinical and laboratories. Many regulatory and technical challenges remain, but these technologies are able to be implemented now. Identification of host response markers may be useful for diagnosis. Sequencing is moving towards real-time, actionable diagnosis in point-of-care settings needed for addressing biodefense threats.
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