Reaction Progress Kinetic Analysis: A Powerful Methodology for Streamlining Mechanistic Analysis of Complex Organic Reactions

摘要

The past several decades have witnessed tremendous growth in the application of catalytic routes to the synthesis of complex organic molecules, driven by academic and industrial discoveries of efficient, selective catalysts for a wide variety of liquidand multi-phase organic transformations. These developments coincide with the beginning of major efforts in the pharmaceutical industry toward streamlining the costs of manufacture and waste disposal in an ever more economically competitive and ecologically aware market. Complex liquid and multi-phase reactions carried out in batch or semi-batch mode make up the bulk of pharmaceutical reaction steps, including as prominent examples homogeneously catalyzed C-C and C-N coupling reactions and heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenations. Development of methodologies to obtain a rapid and comprehensive understanding of the driving forces of a reaction, as well as its robustness, are important goals in pharmaceutical research. These goals have brought an increased focus on the role of kinetic studies of these reactions.