A summary of six years of greenhouse, microplot and field experimentation with a new in-furrow, at-planting material for the management of plant parasitic nematodes of major agricultural crops in the southern United States

摘要

Plant parasitic nematodes are a serious and insidious agricultural production constraint. They are microscopic, subtle pathogens that rarely make their presence known to the untrained eye. The phytopathological literature is replete with documentationof the national and international economic impact of crop losses caused by parasitic nematodes. The pathology that nematodes cause is often inaccurately attributed to factors such as plant nutritional and/or water deficiencies or excesses, soil-inhabiting fungi, bacteria and insects, or undesirable soil structure, fertility or topography. Across major agricultural regions and crops of the world, the annual loss caused by plant-parasitic nematodes is 10-20%, an estimate that translates into hundreds ofmillions of dollars. In regions of the world where there is great crop diversity and where winter conditions are relatively mild, losses certainly exceed these estimates.