Loose saturated sands when subjected to seismic loading develop high excessive pore water pressures eventually leading to liquefaction of the soil. The deep vibration compaction method includes densification of loose sands by means of shear deformation processes imparted by horizontal vibrations of vibrator probe. In order to study the feasibility of deep vibration compaction for liquefaction mitigation, a numerical model is created in the finite element framework. The methodology consisted on performing FE simulations using non-linear coupled hypoplastic model based on the u-p formulation for sand behavior at three different stages: ⅰ) analysis of seismic response and liquefaction susceptibility of untreated loose saturated sands using Lagrangian finite elements (FE); ⅱ) simulation of the deep-vibration process by using a coupled Lagrangian-Eulerian (CLE) FE; ⅲ) post-liquefaction susceptibility analysis of improved sands using the Lagrangian FE.
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