Coverage and connectivity aware data gathering protocol for wireless sensor networks

摘要

Wireless sensor networks (WSNS) is a collection of sensor nodes whose basic functionality is to monitor the region in which they are deployed. Main research issues in designing a protocol for WSNs is, how to minimize energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime, while ensuring the required coverage as well as connectivity. In this paper, we present a coverage and connectivity aware data gathering protocol to provide sufficient coverage and connectivity in the network. The proposed protocol reduces the energy consumption of a network using a sleep scheduling scheme to periodically turn on and off the communication radios. A backbone of relay nodes and independent nodes is maintained for ensuring the connectivity in the network and this is also periodically rebuild the backbone setup. Each node transmits its sensory data to its closest independent node and an independent node forwards the sensed data via relay nodes toward the sink. The proposed protocol does not use any geographic information and is a fully distributed. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol consumes less energy consumption compare to existing protocol and also prolong the network life time, while maintaining connectivity and coverage.