In this paper, a theory of electromagnetic wave scattering from a conducting target surrounded by fractal atmospheric turbulence is presented, the first and second order moments of the scattering fields are derived by considering the effects of the fractal atmospheric turbulence. The relationships between the mutual coherence function, structure function and fractal dimension are given with plane wave and spherical wave incidence, respectively. The normalized backscattering radar cross section sigma_n of a perfectly conducting disk is calculated. It is shown that the influence of fractal dimension on sigma_n is obvious for the atmospheric turbulence with distribution of fractal spectrum.
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