EFFECTS OF MEISTER CONTROLLED RELEASE FERTILIZER ON DYNAMICS OF SOIL MINERAL N, AND YIELDS AND QUALITY OF CROPS IN CHINA

摘要

The application of slow- and controlled release nitrogen (N) fertilizer is more recommended in China, because this country consumes annually about 1/4 of the world's N fertilizer while the use efficiency of the applied N is limited to 30%-35%. This paper studied the effect of MEISTER (Chisso-Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Japan) on soil N supply and on the growth of rice, maize, tomato, sugarcane and tea, aimed to approach the availability of this controlled release fertilizer in this country. Soil incubation tests showed that after the incorporation of MEISTER, the cumulative urea release curve of each test MEISTER formulation had little difference between test brown soil and cinnamon soil, but the accumulated amount of extractable NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N in these soils was different, which meant that the same MEISTER application to different soils could give different soil N supply. Field trials at different sites showed that comparing with conventional urea fertilizer, the same application rate of MEISTER N gave a 15.1% increment of rice yield, while a 20% reduction of applied MEISTER N gave no significant difference on the yields of all test crops. MEISTER application also increased the N content in maize grain, the dry mass of tomato fruit and its protein, vitamin C and soluble sugar contents, and the sucrose content in sugarcane stalk.