THE OUTLOOK FOR CEMENT ROTARY KILN REFRACTORIES DUE TO THE INTENSIVE USE OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS

摘要

The replacement of traditional fuels like natural gas and oil with coal, coke, waste tires, agriculture wastes, garbage, industrial wastes, battery casings, used lubricants, waste solvents, and paints have mainly caused drastic increase in alkalis, sulfate and chloride circulation in the kilns. This problem is more relevant in the modern kilns having five pre-heaters stages and high efficiency coolers type. To meet the new rotary kiln requirements, a new refractories line was developed.