FLAME RETARDANTS, HEALTH, AND ENVIRONMENT: HOW PEER-REVIEWED SCIENCE CAN IMPACT REGULATORY DECISION-MAKING

摘要

Historically, regulatory decisions regarding flammability standards have been made without consideration of the health and environmental impacts of chemicals most likely to be used to meet the standards. Major uses of flame retardant chemicals in North America are in 1) electronics 2) building materials and insulation 3) polyurethane foam in furniture, transportation and juvenile products and 4) wire and cable applications. Scientific studies have shown persistence and toxicity of some flame retardant chemicals and bioaccumulation in humans, animals, and the environment. As consumers and decision makers learn of these findings as well as, in some cases, the lack of a documented fire safety rationale for some uses of flame retardants, they can choose alternative methods to maintain fire safety without potential toxicity. Bringing current peer-reviewed science documenting health and environmental impacts of toxic or untested chemicals to the attention of the public and decision-makers can contribute to regulations that reduce their use. As an example, this paper discusses a unique California flammability standard and the chemicals that have been used to meet it. Examples are presented of alternative strategies that can reduce fire hazard without toxicity, and how peer-reviewed science can contribute to regulatory decisions that protect health and environment.