Studies on the Polysaccharides from Spores of Ganoderma lucidum

摘要

This paper reported the results about the study on the structural characterization and immunological activities of the polysaccharides from G. lucidum spores. We have obtained seven polysaccharides from G. lucidum spores. Among them, the structures of PSG1, PSG2, PSG3, PSG5 and PSG7 were detailedly identified on the basis of chemical methods, spectra technologies and physicochemical procedures. All glycans were found as glucans, but each glucan has its specific sugar chain structure, including glycosyl residue linkages and sugar chain conformation. The effects of crude polysaccharide fractions and purified glycans of G. lucidum spores on the proliferation of T, B lymphocyte in vitro were investigated. The results showed that the purified glycans had more distinct and significant action than the crude polysaccharide fractions, in which PSG2, PSG4, PSG5 and PSG6 showed immunostimulating activity, while no obvious effect of PSG3 and PSG7 on T, B lymphocyte proliferation was observed. The immunopharmacological results, together with the structural elucidation of the purified glycans, PSG1 ~PSG7, indicate that the α-glucans in G. lucidum spores don't have any remarkable immunomodulating activities, but the effects of β-glucans on immune system depend on their glycosyl residue linkages and sugar chain conformation. it is strongly demonstrated that the 1, 3-1inked backbone, relative low side chain size and substitution, and a high-organized helical structure are the beneficial structural features for the immunostimulating activity of β-glucans.