Ganoderma lucidum Inhibits PC-3 and HUVEC Cells in vitro

摘要

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world despite newly developed tools for diagnosis and treatment. Much effort has been made in the search for dietary supplements as cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. Ganoderma lucidum has been used in herbal medicine in China for more than 2000 years. Numerous reports have been published on health promoting beneficial effects of G. lucidum. However, most studies have been focused on water-soluble components of the fruiting body of G. lucidum. In this study we examined the effect of G. lucidum alcoholic extracts from both spore and fruiting bodies on the inhibition of prostate and breast cancer cell growth and angiogenesis. G. lucidum spore was first extracted with ethanol and water. Strategy of in vitro bioassay guided fractionation was employed. The active ethanol extract was then partitioned between hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB231) and human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) were employed to evaluate anti-proliferative effects of each extract. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was used to test the anti-angiogenic effect. MDA-MB231 and HUVECs cell number after 48h incubation and PC-3 cell number after 72h incubation were quantitated using <'3>H-thymidine incorperation. Ethyl acetate fraction of spore reduced PC-3 cell growth by 39% and 66% at 80 and 250μg/ml, and reduced HUVEC cell growth by 61% and 80% at 20 and 40μg/ml respectively. Study of fruiting bodies revealed ethanol extract inhibited PC-3 cell growth in a dose responsive manner in the concentration less than 250μg/ml. However, neither fruiting bodies nor spore ethanol extract inhibited the growth of MDA-MB231 cells. In conclusion we found ethanol extract from both G. lucidum spore and fruiting bodies showed significant anti-angiogenic activities. Furthermore, this extract showed inhibitory effect on prostate cancer cell growth but not breast cancer cell. Further study will include the identification of active components from the spore and fruiting bodies and examining the effect of active components on in vitro and in vivo breast cancer proliferation and angiogenesis.