REDUCTION POTENTIALS OF PARTICLE EMISSIONS OF 2-S SCOOTERS WITH COMBINATIONS OF TECHNICAL MEASURES

摘要

2- and 3-wheelers with 2-S propulsion arc still a very serious source of air pollution worldwide in many urban areas. Therefore every effort to reduce the emissions of those vehicles is an important contribution to improve the air quality.rnIn the present work detailed investigations of limited emission compounds and of particlernemissions of 2-stroke scooters with direct injection and with carburator were performed.rnTo demonstrate the emission reduction potentials some possibilities of emissionrnimprovements were combined in steps. These technical measures were:rn1. Higher tier lube oilsrn2. Lower oil dosingrn3. Active oxidation catalystrn4. Supplementary filtration & oxidation devise (WFC) **).rn5. Special fuel.rnThe particle mass and nanoparticles, which are amply present in the 2-stroke exhaust gas and which contribute strongly to the toxicity level are still unlimited by the international exhaust gas legislation. They were extensively investigated in the present project series.rnIt was impressively demonstrated, that a strong reduction of particle emissions is possible by means of a combination of these technical measures.rnThere are also further possibilities of improvements, like total filtration, or use of alternative fuels.rnAll those technical measures can be effective for the vehicles on the road only if the necessary market conditions will be created like: incentives for better products, production conformity control, in-use compliance control, public information and others.