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Testing FPGAs for real-time control of adaptive optics in giant telescopes

机译:测试FPGA以实时控制巨型望远镜中的自适应光学

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Real-time control has been clearly identified as a separate challenging field within Adaptive Optics, where a lot of computations have to be performed at kilohertz rate to properly actuate the mirror(s) before the input wavefront information has become obsolete. When considering giant telescopes, the number of guide stars, wavefront samples and actuators rises to a level where the amount of processing is far from being manageable by today's conventional processors and even from the expectations given by Moore's law for the next years. FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) technology has been proposed to overcome this problem by using its massively parallel nature and its superb speed. A complete laboratory test bench using only one FPGA was developed by our group, and now this paper summarizes the early results of a real telescope adaptive optics system based in the FPGA-only approach. The system has been installed in the OGS telescope at "Observatorio del Teide", Tenerife, Spain, showing that a complete system with 64 Shack-Hartmann microlenses and 37 actuators (plus tip-tilt mirror) can be implemented with a real time control completely contained within a Xilinx Virtex-4 LX25 FPGA. The wavefront sensor has been implemented using a PULNIX gigabit ethernet camera (714 frames per second), and an ANDOR IXON camera has been used for the evaluation of the overall correcting behavior.
机译:实时控制已被明确地识别为Adaptive Optics中一个独立的挑战领域,在该领域中,必须以千赫兹速率执行大量计算,才能在输入波阵面信息变得过时之前适当地致动反射镜。当考虑使用巨型望远镜时,导星,波前样本和致动器的数量上升到一个水平,其处理量远远不能由当今的常规处理器来管理,甚至远远超出了摩尔定律对未来几年的期望。已经提出了利用FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)技术来解决这一问题的方法,即利用它的大规模并行特性和极好的速度。我们小组开发了一个仅使用一个FPGA的完整实验室测试台,现在,本文总结了基于仅FPGA方法的真实望远镜自适应光学系统的早期结果。该系统已安装在西班牙特内里费岛“ Observatorio del Teide”的OGS望远镜中,表明可以通过实时控制完全实现具有64个Shack-Hartmann微透镜和37个执行器(加上倾斜镜)的完整系统。包含在Xilinx Virtex-4 LX25 FPGA中。波前传感器已使用PULNIX千兆位以太网摄像机(每秒714帧)实现,而ANDOR IXON摄像机已用于评估整体校正行为。

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