Challenges to the Polish Power System due to the Implementation of Electric Vehicles

摘要

Poland has recently declared to develop electrical vehicles (EVs) market and to popularize its use among Poles. The path of development determined by government was designated basing on the experience and research of other countries which have implemented EVs into everyday usage. The worldwide experience has shown that the EV expansion in electrical system may affect its stability and parameters. In this paper the EV's impact to DSO transformer overload, unbalance and aging and to voltage profile was assessed. Different aspects were considered, including normal and quick charging modes, levels of grid penetration and uncontrolled and controlled charging. An analysis of the worldwide experience has revealed that the growing EV market increases the probability of transformer overload and unbalance, leading to its aging. The study has also shown that voltage deviation and unbalance is occurring when grid nodes are loaded by EV charging. The foregoing indexes become significantly weaker while considering respectively fast and uncontrolled charging.