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Automated Requirements Quality Analysis through Requirements Comparisons

机译:通过需求比较自动进行需求质量分析

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Given the importance of key requirements documents such as the function and performance specification to the outcome of a systems engineering project, it is important to ensure that a system's requirements are captured and managed well. While contemporary requirements engineering tools are effective at the latter, they offer little assistance in preparing and assessing a set of requirements. This issue has been the subject of an ongoing research project within the Defence and Systems Institute at the University of South Australia that has led to the definition of a context-free grammar that underpins both a requirements entry wizard and a requirements assessment engine. This engine performs what we call Level 1 assessment in that it ensures that all the necessary components of the imperative statement are present and that the requirement passes elementary tests for reasonableness. This paper describes how through automated comparison of requirements statements much more powerful requirement assessments can be performed. The paper opens by describing a methodology to assess sets of requirements that can be applied at what we call the second and third levels of our three-tiered requirement assessment approach: namely, consistency checking across the requirements set and context-based reasoning that seeks to apply a degree of real-world reasoning based on a comparison of the requirements for the system of interest against industry norms. To facilitate the comparison processes, this paper introduces and describes a finite set of comparison outcomes that can be used to characterise each comparison and become the input for further reasoning. The paper proceeds by showing how the second-tier assessment can be achieved by comparing each requirement within a requirements set against all of the other requirements thus identifying inconsistent and contradictory requirements. Similarly, the paper shows how the third-tier assessment can be achieved by comparing the overall meaning of the requirements set against that of benchmark sets. While the paper describes requirements matching concepts that are useful, it also identifies that there are numerous issues that need to be addressed to allow the concept to reach its full potential.
机译:考虑到诸如功能和性能规范之类的关键需求文档对于系统工程项目的结果的重要性,确保系统需求被良好地捕获和管理非常重要。尽管现代的需求工程工具在后者上很有效,但它们在准备和评估一组需求方面几乎没有帮助。此问题一直是南澳大利亚大学国防与系统研究所正在进行的研究项目的主题,该研究项目导致了上下文无关语法的定义,该语法是需求输入向导和需求评估引擎的基础。该引擎执行我们所谓的1级评估,因为它确保了命令式陈述的所有必要组成部分均已存在,并且该需求通过了基本测试以确保其合理性。本文描述了如何通过自动比较需求陈述来执行功能更强大的需求评估。本文首先介绍了一种评估需求集的方法,该方法可以应用于我们所谓的三层需求评估方法的第二和第三层:即跨需求集的一致性检查和基于上下文的推理,旨在根据感兴趣的系统要求与行业规范的比较,应用一定程度的现实推理。为了促进比较过程,本文介绍并描述了一组有限的比较结果,这些结果可用于表征每个比较并成为进一步推理的输入。本文通过展示如何通过将需求集内的每个需求与所有其他需求进行比较,从而确定不一致和矛盾的需求,来实现第二层评估。同样,本文显示了如何通过将需求集的总体含义与基准集的总体含义进行比较来实现第三级评估。尽管本文描述了有用的需求匹配概念,但同时也指出,需要解决许多问题才能使该概念发挥最大的潜力。

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