首页> 外文会议>10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, Vol.2, Apr 14-18, 2002, Arlington, Virginia >HOW GOOD IS GOOD: IMPROVED TRACKING AND MANAGING OF SAFETY GOALS, PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, PRODUCTION TARGETS AND SIGNIFICANT EVENTS USING LEARING CURVES
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HOW GOOD IS GOOD: IMPROVED TRACKING AND MANAGING OF SAFETY GOALS, PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, PRODUCTION TARGETS AND SIGNIFICANT EVENTS USING LEARING CURVES

机译:好的方法:使用学习曲线改进对安全目标,绩效指标,生产目标和重大事件的跟踪和管理

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We show a new way to track and measure safety and performance using learning curves derived on a mathematical basis. When unusual or abnormal events occur in plants and equipment, the regulator and good management practice requires they be reported, investigated, understood and rectified. In addition to reporting so-called "significant events", both management and the regulator often set targets for individual and collective performance, which are used for both reward and criticism. For almost completely safe systems, like nuclear power plants, commercial aircraft and chemical facilities, many parameters are tracked and measured. Continuous improvement has to be demonstrated, as well as meeting reduced occurrence rates, which are set as management goals or targets. This process usually takes the form of statistics for availability of plant and equipment, forced or unplanned maintenance outage, loss of safety function, safety or procedural violations, etc. These are often rolled up into a set of so-called "Performance Indicators" as measures of how well safety and operation is being managed at a given facility. The overall operating standards of an industry are also measured. A whole discipline is formed of tracking, measuring, reporting, managing and understanding the plethora of indicators and data. Decreasing occurrence rates and meeting or exceeding goals are seen and rewarded as virtues. Managers and operators need to know how good is their safety management system that has been adopted and used (and paid for), and whether it can itself be improved. We show the importance of accumulated experience in correctly measuring and tracking the decreasing event and error rates speculating a finite minimum rate. We show that the rate of improvement constitutes a measurable "learning curve", and the attainment of the goals and targets can be affected by the adopted measures. We examine some of the available data on significant events, reportable occurrences, and loss of availability. We suggest the use of learning curves as a means of accurately tracking progress; and stress the importance of a sustained learning environment in performance improvement.
机译:我们展示了一种使用数学基础上得出的学习曲线来跟踪和测量安全性和性能的新方法。当工厂和设备中发生异常或异常事件时,监管机构和良好的管理规范要求对它们进行报告,调查,理解和纠正。除了报告所谓的“重大事件”外,管理层和监管者还经常为个人和集体绩效设定目标,这些目标既用于奖励又用于批评。对于几乎完全安全的系统,例如核电站,商用飞机和化学设施,将跟踪和测量许多参数。必须证明持续改进,以及满足降低的发生率,这些发生率被设置为管理目标。此过程通常采用以下形式进行统计:工厂和设备的可用性,强制或计划外的维护中断,安全功能丧失,安全或程序违规等。这些通常汇总为一组所谓的“性能指标”,例如衡量给定设施的安全性和运行状况的方法。还测量了一个行业的总体运行标准。整个学科由跟踪,测量,报告,管理和理解大量指标和数据组成。降低发生率和达到或超过目标被视为美德。管理人员和操作人员需要知道他们已经采用和使用(并付费)的安全管理体系的质量如何,以及它自身是否可以改进。我们显示了积累经验的重要性,这些经验对于正确地测量和跟踪事件的减少以及错误率的推测是有限的。我们表明,提高的速度构成了可测量的“学习曲线”,并且所采取的措施可能会影响目标的实现。我们检查了有关重大事件,可报告事件和可用性损失的一些可用数据。我们建议使用学习曲线作为准确跟踪进度的一种方法。并强调持续学习环境对提高绩效的重要性。

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