A mold plate of a structural column, comprising a step-shaped structural surface mold plate provided in the radial direction of an upright steel column (510). The structural surface mold plate comprises a first-layer mold plate (610) distributed outward perpendicular to the axial center of the upright steel column (510) and having a center hole of a same diameter as the upright steel column (510), and a second-layer mold plate (620) to an Mᵗʰ-layer mold plate arranged on the first-layer mold plate (610), where M ≥ 2. Also disclosed are a stepped-surface early-stage structural column (580), a construction method therefor, a stepped interface structural column (500), and a construction method therefor, structural surfaces (540a) provided thereby being stepped surfaces, the stepped surfaces being N step surfaces, a first step surface (540b) to an Nᵗʰ step surface being in an outward sequence from the axial center of the upright steel column (510), where N ≥ 2. With the structural surfaces (540a) of the early-stage structural column (580) and of a late-stage structural column (560) being stepped, the structural stability of the early-stage structural column (580) and the late-stage structural column (560) is increased.
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