advances in the treatment of seed for their protection after plating

摘要

An adhesive for use in a granular composition for treating seeds (see Group I) comprises a resin such as rosin, oxidized or dimerized rosin, a glycerol ester of rosin, a tertiarybutylphenol-formaldehyde resin, a terpene- or alkylphenol resin, a phenyl novolak, a phenol resin modified with a natural resin, a phthalic acidglycerol resin, a maleic resin, an epoxy resin, a polyacrylic acid ester, polyvinyl acetate, a butadiene-styrene copolymer and polystyrene mixed with at least one of the following substances:- potassium indolyl or naphthyl acetate vitamin B, vitamin C, manganese borate, calcium borate, a fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and/or potassium, N-tertiarybutyl-, N,N1-dimethyl or N,N1-ditertiarybutyl-urea, benzimidazolone-2, sodium-N-methyl dithiocarbamate, cuprous oxide, cupric oxychloride, ethyl mercuric chloride, methoxyethyl mercuric benzoate, hexachlorobenzene, tetramethylthiuram disulphide (TMTD), N-trichloromethylthiotetrahydrophthalimide (Captan), zinc-ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (Zineb), gamma benzenehexachloride (Lindane), hexachloro-hexahydro-dimethano-naphthalene (Aldrin), hexachloro - epoxy - octahydro - dimethano - naphthalene (Dieldrin or Endrin), octachloro-endomethylene-tetrahydro-indene (Chlordane), heptachloro-endomethylene-tetrahydro-indene (Heptachlor) and dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT). The percentage weight ratio of substance to resin may range between 98:2 and 50:50.ALSO:A granular composition for treating, e.g. mixing and drilling with beetroot, onion, rape, kohlrabi &c., seeds, comprises cores, e.g. between 0,5 and 5 mm. in diameter, each coated with a firmly adhering inner coating, which disintegrates in soil and contains an adhesive and at least one active substance, which promotes germination of the seeds or growth of the resulting seedlings or protects the seeds or seedlings against pests and microorganisms, and an outer coating containing a different adhesive and at least one active substance, which outer coating adheres to the inner coating less firmly than the latter adheres to each core, so that the outer coating is transferred, at least partially, to the seeds. Specified active substances are plant hormones such as potassium indolyl or naphthyl acetate, vitamins B and C, micronutrients such as manganese borate and calcium borate, macronutrients or fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and/or potassium, plant growth regulators such as N-tertiarybutyl-N, N1-dimethyl- or N,N1-ditertiarybutyl-urea and benzimidazolone-2, nematocides, fungicides, bactericides and insecticides such as sodium-N-methyl dithiocarbamate, cuprous oxide, cupric oxychloride, ethyl mercuric chloride, methoxyethyl mercuric benzoate, hexachlorobenzene, tetramethylthiuram disulphide (TMTD), N-trichloromethylthio-tetrahydrophthalimide (Captan), zinc-ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (Zineb), gamma benzenehexachloride (Lindane) hexachloro-hexahydro-dimethano-naphthalene (Aldrin), hexachloro-epoxy-octahydro-dimethano-naphthalene (Dieldrin or Endrin), octachloro-endomethylene-tetrahydro-indene (Chlordane), heptachloroendomethylene-tetrahydro-indene (Heptachlor) and dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT). The cores may be non-germinating seeds or particles of pumice, phosphate or superphosphate of lime, sand, gravel, coke, basic slag, polyacrylic soil-improving agents, semolina or sago. The cores may comprise, also, talc, precipitated chalk, micronutrients containing manganese, copper and boron and macronutrients. The cores should, preferably, contain no more than 20% of their weight of water. The inner coatings may be formed by covering the cores with the powdered active substance and then applying the adhesive, which may be the dry residue of sulphate waste liquor, casein, glue, or a cellulose ether dissolved or dispersed, e.g. together with precipitated chalk, kieselguhr and kaolin or other clay, in water or an organic solvent. The adhesive in the outer coating may comprise a resin such as rosin, oxidized, or dimerized rosin, a glycerol ester of rosin, a tertiarybutylphenolformaldehyde resin, a terpene or alkyl-phenol resin, a phenyl novolak, a phenol resin modified with a natural resin, a phthalic acid-glycerol resin, a maleic resin, an epoxy resin, a polyacrylic acid ester, polyvinyl acetate, a butadiene styrene copolymer and polystyrene. The percentage weight ratio of active substance to resin, in the outer coating, may range between 98:2 and 50:50.ALSO:A granular composition for treating seeds comprises cores, e.g between 0.5 and 5 mm. in diameter, each coated with a firmly adhering inner coating, which disintegrates in soil and contains an adhesive and at least one active substance, which promotes germination of the seeds or growth of the resulting seedlings or protects the seeds or seedlings against pests and micro-organisms, and an outer coating containing a different adhesive, and at least one active substance, which outer coating adheres to the inner coating less firmly than the latter adheres to each core, so that the outer coating is transferred, at least partially, to the seeds. Specified active substances are plant hormones such as potassium indolyl or naphthyl acetate, Vitamins B and C, micronutrients such as manganese and calcium borates, macronutrients or fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and/or potassium, plant growth regulators such as N-tertiarybutyl-, N,N1-dimethyl- or N,N1-di-tertiarybutyl - urea and benzimidazolone - 2, nematocides, fungicides, bactericides and insecticides such as sodium-N-methyl dithiocarbamate, cuprous oxide, cupric oxychloride, ethyl mercuric chloride, methoxyethyl mercuric benzoate, hexachlorobenzene, tetramethylthiuram disulphide (T.M.T.D.), N-trichloromethyl-thio-tetrahydrophthalimide (Captan), zinc-ethy-lene - bis - dithiocarbamate (Zineb), gamma benzenehexachloride (Lindane), hexachlorohexahydro - dimethano - naphthalene (Aldrin), hexachloro - epoxy - octahydro - dimethano - naphthalene (Dieldrin or Endrin), hepta- or octa - chloro - endomethylene - tetrahydro - indene (Heptachlor or Chlordane), and dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (D.D.T.). The cores may be non-germinating seeds or particles of pumice phosphate or superphosphate of lime, sand, gravel, coke, basic slag, polyacrylic soil-improving agents, semolina or sago. The cores may comprise, also, talc, precipitated chalk, micronutrients containing manganese, copper and boron and macronutrients. The cores should, preferably, contain no more than 20%