Apparatus for improved shipping of crude oil relative to environment damage and ecological problems

摘要

An apparatus for improving the shipment of crude oil, in order to avoid ecological problems and damage to environment, by freezing the oil into units which are shipped preferably through a pipeline by means of pneumatic pressure or through lines in which are provided mechanical devices such as conveyors or rollers. The oil can be frozen by itself into units or can be loaded into frozen and appropriately shaped ice containers. Alternative to or in combination with the aforementioned lines, vehicles may be employed and part of the route may be covered by the use of gravity. The apparatus may include stations intermediate the source and terminal stations at which refreezing and reshaping operations take place.