METHOD OF CREATING ON SLOPES LICORICE CROP PLANTATIONS SUITABLE FOR MECHANICAL HARVESTING, AND MACHINE FOR PROVIDING MOISTURE ACCUMULATING MICRO TERRACES AND SIMULTANEOUSLY FOR PREPARING SOIL FOR PLANTING CUTTINGS OF ROOTSTOCKS OF LICORICE OF TIDAL, LIMAN AND DRY STEPPE ECOTYPES

摘要

FIELD: agriculture and agricultural engineering, in particular, planting of licorice rootstock cuttings on slopes and abandoned lands and mechanical harvesting of root mass as licorice raw material.;SUBSTANCE: method involves preplanting cultivation of soil on slopes in late autumn by providing rectangular-section 1.1-1.4 m wide and 0.45-0.60 m deep channels; mellowing soil and ground in zones within channel, with soil and ground in one zone being rotavated to agronomically valuable fractions and soil and ground in other zone being mellowed to lumps and crumbs with average diameter of 8-15 cm in order to provide for larger amounts of cavities (porosity); forming moisture accumulating micro terraces by laterally moving agronomically valuable soil fractions onto surface of lumps and crumbs; planting licorice rootstock cuttings in part of channel with preliminarily located lumps and crumbs to 12-18 cm depth at soil temperature of at least 18°C. During autumn-winter period, moisture is accumulated in said channel, and precipitation is aerated and redistributed in layers. Method allows stable licorice associations to be grown at productivity rate of at least 20 t/hectare of conditioned roots used as licorice raw material in pharmaceutical and chemical industry. Machine has frame bearing successively arranged digging-transporting device, grinding device configured as rotavator-type soil mixer, and rotary terrace-forming device equipped with profiling moldboard and positioned behind rotavator-type soil mixer. Digging-transporting device is made U-shaped, with soil layer lifting shares. Rotavator-type soil mixer is formed as sectioned drum. Each of said drums is positioned on single geometric axis and is equipped with various frequency drive. One of said drums having hollow shaft is mounted by means of roller supports on pivot of other drum. Drum teeth of rotavator-type soil mixer are fitted with replaceable inversion turning knives with blades at their working faces. Drive sprockets of toothed-drive chains are mounted on pivots of drums, which face frame. Said chains are linked with the help of drive sprockets and are connected through individual overtime clutches with reducer of grinding device drive.;EFFECT: increased efficiency and reduced consumption of power.;6 cl, 11 dwg