ELECTRON-INTERFERENCE METHOD OF DETECTING LOCATION AND TYPES OF MOLECULAR GROUPS ON SURFACES OF SMALL BIO OBJECTS INCLUDING NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES AND DEVICE THEREFOR(57) The invention relates to detecting a bio-objects structure, it can be used in studying surface structure of small bio-objects such as macromolecules and detecting a location and a type of molecular groups disposed thereon. A device comprises a base with a substrate made from a non-conductive material thereon, a photocathode and an anode, wherein there is a site therebetween for an object to be studied and electron scatterers. There is at least one window inside the photocathode, the photocathode areas bordering the window made from a material with a reduced work function. The window is connected to a region beyond the photocathode by at least one slit, its length exceeds its width. A cooling electrode is arranged at a small depth under the window and the slit region, wherein an accelerating electrode is arranged the ph

摘要

The invention relates to detecting a bio-objects structure, it can be used in studying surface structure of small bio-objects such as macromolecules and detecting a location and a type of molecular groups disposed thereon. A device comprises a base with a substrate made from a non-conductive material thereon, a photocathode and an anode, wherein there is a site therebetween for an object to be studied and electron scatterers. There is at least one window inside the photocathode, the photocathode areas bordering the window made from a material with a reduced work function. The window is connected to a region beyond the photocathode by at least one slit, its length exceeds its width. A cooling electrode is arranged at a small depth under the window and the slit region, wherein an accelerating electrode is arranged the photocathode, scatterers and the site for object location. A CCD matrix is arranged above the substrate and provided with a micro-channel plate and a grid, a laser with a focusing system optically connected to the photocathode is also arranged above the substrate. Both the base and the substrate are cooled. A method using said device is characterized in that due to laser emission an electron stream is created, the electrons are leaving the slit one after another in similar quantum state, wherein intervals between them are such that at which given time moment there is not more than one electron in the area between the photocathode and the anode. These electrons are scattering both at the studied object and at the electron scatters, the scattered de Brogie wave thereon serves as a reference beam after which they leave the substrate and registered by the CCD matrix, forming an interference image thereon. Judging by these interference images obtained at different voltages at the accelerating electrode a shape of the studied object is calculated, as well as the location and a type of molecular groups on its surface.