Facilitating practical byzantine fault tolerance blockchain consensus and node synchronization

摘要

#$%^&*AU2018347187A120200521.pdf#####(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property (1) Organization11111111111111111111111I1111111111111i1111liiiii International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date W O 2019/072263 A2 18 April 2019 (18.04.2019) W IPO I PCT (51) International Patent Classification: HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, Not classified KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (21)InternationalApplicationNumber: OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, (22) International Filing Date: TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. 07 November 2018 (07.11.2018) (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (25) Filing Language: English kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, (26)PublicationLanguage: English UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, (71) Applicant: ALIBABA GROUP HOLDING LIMITED TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, [-/CN]; Fourth Floor, one Capital Place, P.O. Box 847, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, George Town, Grand Cayman (KY). MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, TR),GOAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, (72) Inventor: YANG, Dayi; Alibaba Group Legal Department' RM, ML, MR, E, SN, TD, TG). 5/F, Building 3, No. 969 West Wen Yi Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121 (CN). Published: (74) Agent: BEIJING BESTIPR INTELLECTUAL PROP- - upon request of the applicant, before the expiration of the ERTY LAW CORPORATION; Room 409, Tower B, Ka time limit referred to in Article 2](2)(a) Wah Building, No. 9 Shangdi 3rd Street, Haidian District, - without international search report and to be republished Beijing 100085 (CN). upon receipt ofthat report (Rule 48.2(g)) (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, Fl, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, (54) Title: FACILITATING PRACTICAL BYZANTINE FAULT TOLERANCE BLOCKCHAIN CONSENSUS AND NODE SYNCHRONIZATION (57) Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure include setting, by a first consensus node, a timer that runs out before a timeout of a view change; sending, to a second consensus node, a request for one or more consensus mes0 sages missing by the first consensus node in response to the timer running out; 3 receiving, from the second consensus node, the one or more consensus messages 302 304 306 308 310 each digitally signed by a private key of a corresponding consensus node that Z generates the respective one or more consensus messages; and determining that a block of transactions is valid, if a quantity of commit messages included in the received one or more consensus messages is greater than or equal to 2f + 1, where J is a maximum number of faulty nodes that is tolerable by the blockchain based on practical Byzantine fault tolerance. FIG 3WO 2019/072263 PCT/CN2018/114334 FACILITATING PRACTICAL BYZANTINE FAULT TOLERANCE BLOCKCHAIN CONSENSUS AND NODE SYNCHRONIZATION BACKGROUND [0001] Blockchain networks, which can also be referred to as blockchain systems, consensus networks, distributed ledger system (DLS) networks, or blockchain, enable participating entities to securely, and immutably store data. A blockchain can be described as a ledger of transactions, and multiple copies of the blockchain are stored across the blockchain network. Example types of blockchains can include public blockchains, consortium blockchains, and private blockchains. A public blockchain is open for all entities to use the blockchain, and participate in the consensus process. A private DLS is provided for a particular entity, which centrally controls read and write permissions. [0002] Another type of blockchain system includes a consortium blockchain system. A consortium blockchain system is provided for a select group of entities, which control the consensus process, and includes an access control layer. Consequently, one or more entities participating in the consortium blockchain system have control over who can access the consortium blockchain system, and who can participate in the consensus process of the consortium blockchain system. For example, a group of enterprise (e.g., companies, academic institutions) can participate in a consortium blockchain system to immutably record data (e.g., transactions). In some examples, an entity can be able to access/view data within the consortium blockchain system, but not contribute data to the consortium blockchain system. [0003] A blockchain includes a series of blocks, each of which contains one or more transactions executed in the network. Each block can be analogized to a page of the ledger, while the blockchain itself is a full copy of the ledger. Individual transactions are confirmed and added to a block, which is added to the blockchain. Copies of the blockchain are replicated across nodes of the network. In this manner, there is a consensus across the network as to the state of the blockchain. [0004] Fault tolerance is of concern in blockchain systems. Fault tolerance can generally be described as the tolerance of a network to nodes that fail, or act maliciously. Fault tolerance is of particular concern in blockchain systems having fewer participating 1