Cognitive Performance Change during a 6-Hour Hike at Low Temperature in Simulated Rain, at Controlled Walking Rates

摘要

Much evidence supports the idea that cognitive performance decrements associated with cold exposure are attributable to the discomfort experienced rather than to direct physiological effects. Data obtained under laboratory conditions have led to the 'distraction' hypothesis of cold-related cognitive performance changes. To test the effects of wet-cold exposure on cognitive performance in a field situation, thirty volunteers each completed a 6-hr hike in ambient temperatures ranging from -1.5 to 9.5 degrees C. Core temperature, skim temperature and oxygen consumption were monitored continuously. VO2 max, body surface, mean skinfold, height and weight were obtained prior to the hike. Cognitive performance was measured at 1.hr intervals and included the Baddeley Reasoning, Coding, Number Comparison, and Tapping tests. The results indicate that core temperature changes do not correlate with any of the cognitive performance changes. Furthermore, skin temperature change did not correlate with cognitive performance change. The 'distraction' hypothesis was therefore not supported. Based on anecdotal information obtained while running subjects, it is hypothesized that cognitive performance changes in wet-cold are related to personality attributes associated with attention or coping ability.