Two-Dimensional Sandwich-Type, Graphene-Based Conjugated Microporous Polymers

摘要

Porous polymers with porosity at the nanoscale have attracted tremendous attention since their porous features are associated with prominent physical properties and since they have potential applications in, for example, light harvesting, sensing, gas separation and storage, catalysis, and energy storage and conversion. There are several classes of micro-/mesoporous polymers, such as hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCPs), polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), and covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Porous polymers can be also classified according to their structural conformations as amorphous- (HCPs and PIMs) or crystalline-type (COFs) materials. Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) represent one of the fastest developing types of porous materials not only because of their efficient synthesis by conventional metal-catalyzed polymerization techniques and the availability of a large number of commercially available functional monomers but also due to their controllable and adaptable physical properties. Unlike COFs, CMPs are formed under kinetic control, and thus are amorphous and show no long-range structural order.