Poly(ethylene glycols)(PEGs)are a class of molecules that show wide-ranging application in biological contexts.For example,the attachment of chains of PEG to therapeutic proteins,peptides,and even small molecule therapeutics(PEG-ylation)is a well-established method used to influence stability,immunogenicity,pharmacokinetics,and mode of action.This water-soluble,nontoxic polymer has been used to improve solubility,dramatically extend serum half life,and enhance the oral bioavailability of substrate molecules.PEGs have also played key roles in lipid self-assembly,including liposome development and even the delineation of the structural mechanisms of lipid-bilayer formation and fusion.
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