Citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Hasse) Vaut. poses a serious threat globally in production of healthy nurseries and orchards (Nirvan, 1961; Koizumi, 1985; Das, 2003; Gottwald and Graham, 2000; Gopal et ai, 2004). The diseaseplayed a significant role in declining of citrus grove in India especially the lime industry (Das, 2003). The diagnostic symptoms of the canker appear on leaves, twigs and fruits and causes heavy defoliation, twigs die-back and premature fruit drop (Fig.1). The affected fruits fetch less market prices. (Das, 2003; Thind et al. 2008). In Punjab, the incidence of the canker varied from 17.0 to 63.0 in citrus nurseries and 13.0 to 42.0 in orchards (Singh and Thind, 2014). For its effective management,the foliar application of copper based fungicides (Bordeaux mixture, copper oxychloride), Streptocycline, Bacterinashak and Neem cake in nurseries and orchards have been well documented by various workers (Nirvan, 1961; Luthra and Sattar, 1942; Koizumi,1985; Timmer, 1988; Leite and Mohan, 1990; Das and Singh, 1999; Jadeja et ai, 2000; Gopal et ai, 2004; Thind and Singh, 2015) but under heavy disease pressure it is difficult to reduce the canker incidence on leaves and fruit. The present study describes the efficacy of fungicide, copper hydroxide 46.1 DF of E.I. DuPont India Pvt. Limited, Haryana, India, for the safe and effective management of citrus canker on Kinnow mandarin.
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