ABSTRACT Objectives: The present review aims to present and discuss the consistent and inconsistent evidence regarding the associations between mitochondrial dysfunction and several neuropathic models, including trauma-induced, chemotherapy-induced, diabetes-induced and HIV-associated sensory neuropathy. Methods: The searching strategy and inclusion criteria for this review are all research articles in the PubMed database published before July 2019. We used the search terms 'mitochondria' and 'neuropathy' for the present review and non-English articles were excluded. Results: Damage to mitochondria via trauma, chemotherapy drugs, hyperglycaemia and HIV infection has been widely discussed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of neuropathy. Several mechanisms of mitochondrial damages have been proposed. Conclusion: The damage of mitochondria results in cellular apoptosis, which appears to be one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of neuropathy. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria could be a potential therapeutic target in neuropathy.
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