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Experimental soil acidification

机译:实验性土壤酸化

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A laboratory experiment was designed to investigate the interaction of acid mine drainage (AMD) with soils. The study used 3 undisturbed cambisol columns from the mining region of Banska Stiavnica, Sobov (Slovakia). Columns were acidified with AMD emerging from the mine wastes rich in pyrite, with pure H2SO4 solutions of equivalent concentration (0.15 M H2SO4) or with distilled water. The experiment was performed for 30 weeks. The pH of H2SO4 leachates decreased from 4.1 to 3.3 and was accompanied by increasing amounts of dissolved Al. Progressive acidification increased leaching of major cations Ca, Mg, and K. Acidification of the soil with AMD produced leachates with a pH close to 3 and a high content of different cations and sulphates. Almost 100% of the Fe and 25% of the Al added with AMD were retained in the soil column. Leaching of alkali-earth and alkali cations from the soil by AMD was much lower than by H2SO4 solution. Analyses of solid samples from the 3 columns used selective extractions, XRD and analytical electron microscopy. These showed the different formations and transformations of minerals in acidified columns: amorphous Fe-oxyhydroxides were formed in both AMD and H2SO4 leached soils in the form of a characteristic "mohair" structure rich in AI and Si when AMD was applied. Clay minerals were hardly affected in these samples, in contrast with samples from the H2SO4 acidified column where dissolution of vermiculite, transformation of chlorite, and precipitation of Si gel were observed. Thick Fe-coatings on particles and within the pores of soils leached with AMD change their micro-aggregation and so inhibit the dissolution of phyllosilicates. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. [References: 34]
机译:设计了一个实验室实验来研究酸性矿山排水(AMD)与土壤之间的相互作用。这项研究使用了来自索博夫(斯洛伐克)Banska Stiavnica矿区的3根未受干扰的坎比索尔色谱柱。用富含黄铁矿的矿山废渣中产生的AMD,等浓度(0.15 M H2SO4)的纯H2SO4溶液或蒸馏水对色谱柱进行酸化。实验进行了30周。 H2SO4浸出液的pH值从4.1降低到3.3,并伴随着溶解的Al的增加。进行性酸化增加了主要阳离子Ca,Mg和K的浸出。用AMD对土壤进行酸化可产生pH值接近3的沥滤液,以及大量不同的阳离子和硫酸盐。添加了AMD的几乎100%的Fe和25%的Al保留在土壤柱中。 AMD对土壤中碱土和碱性阳离子的浸出要远低于H2SO4溶液对土壤的浸出。使用选择性萃取,XRD和分析电子显微镜对3根色谱柱中的固体样品进行分析。这些结果表明酸化柱中矿物的形成和转化不同:当应用AMD时,AMD和H2SO4浸出的土壤均以富含AI和Si的特征性“马海毛”结构形式形成无定形的Fe-羟基氢氧化物。与H2SO4酸化柱中的样品相比,这些样品中的粘土矿物几乎没有受到影响,在该样品中观察到of石的溶解,亚氯酸盐的转化和Si凝胶的沉淀。用AMD浸出的土壤上的颗粒和孔隙内的厚铁涂层改变了其微团聚体,因此抑制了页硅酸盐的溶解。 (C)2002 Elsevier ScienceLtd。保留所有权利。 [参考:34]

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