Development of a basic procedure to design sorption processes

摘要

The intention of this work is to offer, within the shortest time, an appropriate sorption separation process for almost any odour problem. The development is based on the preparation and characterisation of new adsorbents, the strategy for the selection of the best adsorbent, the process engineering and the choice of a suitable regeneration procedure. In this context a new method for the characterisation of the adsorbents - the adsorption profile analysis - was developed. The classification of the adsorbents was carried out by means of a cluster analysis, which simplifies the selection of the most suitable adsorbent for a particular problem. The physical and chemical behaviour of silica-adsorbents could be tailored by silanisation of the surfaces. Methods for the determination of process engineering parameters were developed, established and used. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were determined with a magnetic adsorption balance. In a laboratory-scale fixed bed adsorber, breakthrough curves of different support materials were investigated and compared. For the investigations of different regeneration procedures, four innovative methods were employed: microwave desorption, ultrasonic desorption, ultrasonic-water desorption and extraction with water. Of the four desorp-tion methods examined, microwave desorption and ultrasonic-water desorption demonstrated the best results.