Editorial: Challenges on end-of-life battery recycling of electric vehicles

摘要

The number of registered electric vehicles in the world increased from 3.0 million in 2017 to 5.1 million in 2018 (IEA, 2019). In some countries, the sale of internal combustion engine vehicles will gradually be banned to control particulate matter and greenhouse gas emissions. For example, internal combustion engine vehicle sales ban or 100% zero emission vehicles will be enforced in Norway (2025), Ireland (2030), Netherland (2030), California USA (2035), Columbia (2035), Denmark (2035), Canada (2040), France (2040), Spain (2040) and Germany (2050). Also, fleets without internal combustion engine vehicles will be implemented in Sri Lanka (2040) and Sweden (2045) (ICCT, 2020). Electric vehicle (EV) purchases are increasing in Korea, and demand is being stimulated by a national car tax exemption, toll fee discounts and special parking lots. With the increase in EVs comes an increase in EV batteries, and the important issue is the recovery of valuable metals and control of hazardous substances.