ヒートアイランド対策技術の適所導入の観点からみた街路形態と街路空間の放射環境（日射受熱量）の関係の分析

摘要

It is considered the relationship between the properties of urban block and radiant environment in the street canyon from the viewpoint of the appropriate introduction of urban heat island measure technologies. Calculation methods for the radiant heat transfer between walls and roads are explained according to Gebhartfs radiant absorption coefficients and Monte Carlo method. The roads are classified in the south-north road, the east-west road and the crossing. The properties of urban block are expressed by aspect ratio. A simple street canyon model and a real street canyon model are selected for the examination objects. Distribution of surface temperature and solar radiation on the roof, the road and the wall are analyzed. It is a high priority for the urban heat island measures on the roof of the building which has large roof area. The priorities of the measures on the roof and the road are higher than that on the wall. The priority of the measures on the road is high in the case that the aspect ratio W/H of the street canyon is bigger than 1.5.%都市のヒートアイランド現象が社会的に注目されるなか，様々な 対策技術が提案され普及が進むとともに個々の技術の性能評価も実 施されてきた1）．また，これらの技術を建築の計画や設計に反映あ るいは組み込む方策についても，物理現象を総合的にシミュレート する方法2～6）や，形状・材料等のデザイン要素の影響を予測・評価 して設計を支援する方法7）などある程度確立されている．