Deflection of the Vertical Components from GPS and Precise Leveling Measurements in Hong Kong

摘要

Deflection of the vertical components of a station located in Hong Kong are estimated from the ellipsoidal height differences inferred from global positioning system (GPS) measurements and orthometric height differences calculated from precise leveling using a simple formulation. The agreement of the deflection of the vertical components ξ and η obtained from the experiment (-7.3± 1.6, 5.3±4.3 arc seconds, respectively) with the deflection of the vertical components calculated from the EGM96 model (-7.6, and 3.2 arc seconds, respectively) show that the approach can be used at a local scale using existing leveling networks to produce a detailed map of deflection of vertical components to be used in surveying applications and also for checking the reproducibility of potential alternative solutions.