Fairness, Responsibility, and Welfare,

摘要

Responsibility-sensitive egalitarianism, especially of the luck-egalitarian kind, has played a prominent role in recent discussions of distributive justice. The core idea is that there are some factors for which people are responsible - say, their productive efforts - and some factors for which they are not - say, their talents. (Some responsibility-sensitive egalitarians withhold judgement on whether, ultimately, anyone is ever responsible for anything, but their writings are based on the working assumption that some individuals are sometimes responsible for being worse off.) Unlike outcome egalitarians, responsibility-sensitive egalitarians allow that inequalities reflecting differences in the former factors may be just. Like outcome egalitarians, responsibility-sensitive egalitarians contend that inequalities reflecting differences in the latter are unjust.