Gas Diffusion in the Evolution of Magmatic Systems

摘要

Since investigations by G. Poulett Scrop, all researchers engaged in the study of volcanic eruptions have come unavoidably to the conclusion that gas activity plays a key role in the eruptive process. This conclusion is likely formulated best of all by F.A. Perret, who investigated the dynamics of eruptions of the Mont Pele Volcano: "Gas is an active agent and magma is its carrier." Based on the study of eruptions of the Bezymyan-nyi Volcano, the author of the present communication was also compelled to reach the same conclusion [6]: Degassing controls fully the mode of volcanic eruptions and their polycyclic character. This is reflected in changes of eruption patterns; facies, chemical, and mineral compositions of volcanics; composition of volcanic gases; and evolution of the volcanic edifice. In the foreword to the Russian edition of the Greiton's work. Academician A.N. Zavaritskii wrote [3, p. 6]: "The role of volatile gas components of magma gained recognition (among volcanologists, A.M.) long ago."