Formation and Transformation of the Chemical Composition of Waters of Mineral Lakes (the Example of Transbaikalia)

摘要

In Transbaikalia, as well as throughout the whole arid zone of Siberia and some other regions, the numerous salt and mineral lakes, different in chemical composition and the water mineralization level are distributed. The accumulation of salt components in lake waters as a result of evaporative concentration under the conditions of arid climate is commonly accepted. Brine salinity increases with increase in the rate of evaporation in the expense items of water balance of lakes. Their hydrochemical regime is characterized by interannual variations, along with seasonal ones, induced by cyclic variations of climatic conditions. During the moistening of territory, brine is diluted; under arid conditions, the salinity level increases. In the process, the light-salted lakes can become brine ones with mineralization up to a hundred gram per liter. As a result of salt concentration, the chemical composition is regarded to vary from carbonate to chloride via the sulfate composition [1].