Spatial Variability of Different Compounds in Water, Suspension, and Sediments of the Volga River

摘要

The drainage system of the Volga River is one of the largest in the world. The Volga River flows in the almost meridional direction from the north to the south and along 3000 km successively crosses all natural zones of European Russia (except for the Arctic one): coniferous and deciduous taiga, forest-steppe, steppe, and finishes at the boundary of desert zone. The northern part of the Volga River drainage system (the Caspian Sea drainage basin) is adjacent to the Northern Dvina basin (White Sea and Arctic Ocean drainage basin). There is a unique natural Transeuro-pian section White Sea—Northern Dvina—Volga-Caspian Sea, separated by the seas from the north and the south, which are the sediment collectors and self-recorders of the history of sedimentary matter and pollution in all climatic zones of European Russia.