Spectrally Selective Absorbers/Emitters for Solar Steam Generation and Radiative Cooling‐Enabled Atmospheric Water Harvesting

摘要

Renewable energy harvesting from the sun and outer space have aroused significant interest over the past decades due to their great potential in addressing the energy crisis. Furthermore, the harvested renewable energy has benefited another global challenge, water scarcity. Both solar steam generation and passive radiative cooling‐enabled atmospheric water harvesting are promising technologies that produce freshwater in green and sustainable ways. Spectral control is extremely important to achieve high efficiency in the two complementary systems based on absorbing/emitting light in a specific wavelength range. For this reason, a broad variety of solar absorbers and IR emitters with great spectral selectivity have been developed. Although operating in different spectral regions, solar selective absorbers and IR selective emitters share similar design strategies. At this stage, it is urgent and necessary to review their progress and figure out their common optical characteristics. Herein, the fundamental mechanisms and recent progress in solar selective absorbers and IR selective emitters are summarized, and their applications in water production are reported. This review aims to identify the importance of selective absorbers/emitters and inspire more research works on selective absorbers/emitters through the summary of advances and the establishment of the connection between solar absorbers and IR emitters. Both solar steam generation and passive radiative cooling‐enabled atmospheric water harvesting are promising water production technologies powered by renewable energy harvesting from the sun and outer space. Spectral selectivity is crucial to both solar absorbers and infrared emitters in maximizing their efficiency. This review identifies the importance of selective absorbers/emitters and summarizes their advances, connections, and applications in freshwater production.