栽培措施对四倍体刺槐生物量的影响

摘要

为了探索根龄、栽培密度和刈割方法对四倍体刺槐饲料林生物量及再生能力的影响,确定合理的饲料林栽培模式,对不同根龄、不同密度、不同刈割周期及留茬高度和不同刈割工具及刈割部位的当年生林分从总质量、叶质量等生物量指标方面进行了测量分析.结果表明:四倍体刺槐饲料林生物量随根龄的增长而增加；其合理的栽培密度为0.4 m×0.8 m和0.6 m×0.8 m；四倍体刺槐饲料林种植当年不刈割,第2年开始每年刈割2次,刈割周期60 d,最后刈割时期在停止生长1个月前的8月中旬前,留茬高度30 cm时的生物量大、再生能力强、植株存活率高；刈割工具斧和锯对四倍体刺槐的株高、基径、萌蘖数、单株总质量、单株叶质量和茎叶比的影响均无显著性差异(p＞0.05),但刈割根桩上当年生萌条的上述各项指标均高于刈割根桩.%Root age,plant spacing and harvesting method exert different influences on the biomass and regeneration in tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia forage plantation.Biomass parameters including gross mass and leaf mass were measured and analyzed,for different root ages,plant spacing,and harvest periods,cutting heights,cutting tools and plant parts (1-year-old sprout and stump).The results indicated that biomass per square meter increased with root age development and reasonable plant spacings (i.e.0.4 m×0.8 m and 0.6 m×0.8 m).Furthermore,the following criteria also increased biomass:the forage was not harvested in the year of planting,but cut twice annually starting from the second year after planting; harvest period was 60 days,and there was one month from the last harvest date to the end of the growing season;cutting height was 30 crn.Plant biomass,regeneration capability and survival rate in this treatment were greater than in other treatments.The effects of two cutting tools (i.e.axe and saw) on height,basal diameter,suckering shoot number,gross mass,leaf mass and ratio of stem to leaf were not significant.These biomass parameters were significantly better when harvesting at 1-year-old sprouts than harvesting at stumps.These results could serve to create a cultivation model for tetraploid R.pseudoacacia forage plantation.