攸县油茶与大果油茶'华硕'及其F1代优株的光合特性

摘要

为给培育油茶新品种提供理论依据,采用LI-6400便携式光合测定系统,对'华硕'、攸县油茶及其F1代优株的光合生理指标及叶绿素含量进行测定.结果表明:(1)F1代优株叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量分别为0.821 5、0.324 7、0.151 7mg·g-1,低于'华硕',显著高于攸县油茶;(2)F1代优株的光补偿点最低,仅为45.53μmol·m-2s-1,三者对光强适应范围由大到小依次为'华硕'、F1代优株、攸县油茶,F1代优株表观量子效率最大,达到0.053μmol·s-1;(3)F1代优株与亲本的净光合速率均呈宽大的单峰型,不存在光合午休现象,同一时刻F1代优株的净光合速率均高于攸县油茶和'华硕'.F1代优株对光的利用效率最高,表现出较高的光合效能,光合作用能力最强,说明F1代优株很可能是高产种质资源.%In order to providea theoretical basisfor breeding newvarieties ofCamellia oleifera, the photosynthetic indexesand chlorophyll content of C. yuhsienensis Hu,C. oleifera 'Huashuo',and superiorindividualsinF1 hybrids were determined by using the LI-6400 Portable Photosynthesis System. Theresults showed that: (1) Chlorophylla, chlorophyll band carotenoid contents of superiorindividualsinF1 hybridswere 0.821 5, 0.324 7and 0.151 7mg·g-1,lower than those ofC. oleifera'Huashuo',and signiifcantly higher than those ofC. yuhsienensis Hu. (2) Thelight compensation point of superiorindividualsinF1 hybridswere thelowest, only 45.53μmol·m-2s-1,and the order based onadaptation range oflightintensityfrom big to smallwasC. oleifera'Huashuo', superiorindividualsinF1 hybrids,C. yuhsienensis Hu. Apparentquantum yield of superiorindividualsinF1 Hybridswas thelargest,andreached 0.053μmol·s-1. (3) The diurnal change curves of net photosyntheticrates ofall three cultivars showedwide single peak type, themidday depression phenomenon of photosynthesis did not occur, net photosyntheticrate of superiorindividualsinF1 hybrids was higher thanC. yuhsienensis HuandC. oleifera'Huashuo'at the same time. Thelight energy utilization efifciency of superiorindividualsinF1 hybridswas highest,it showed higher photosynthetic efifciency, photosyntheticabilitywas the strongest,anditwaslikely to beagoodgermplasmresourcewith high yield.