3种植物外源激素对观赏桃花花期及品质的影响

摘要

In order to studyimpact of exogenous hormones onlforescenceandlfower diameterin ornamental peach, takingPrunus persica'Terutemomo'asmaterials, differentmass concentrations of GA, 6-BAand SAwere sprayed before lforescence,atmiddleandlaterlforescence. Theresults showed that spraying GA couldincreaselfower diametersand enhance ornamentalquality beforelforescence,atmiddleandlaterlforescence. Themaximumlfower diameterwas 49.80 mm by spraying 120mg/L GA beforelforescence,itwas 52.94mm by spraying 150mg/L GAatmiddlelforescence,and itwas 50.61mm by spraying 90mg/L GAatlaterlforescence.But spraying 6-BAand SA couldinhibitlfower diameter. At theaspect oflforescenceregulation, spraying GA, 6-BAand SA beforelforescenceandatmiddlelforescence could not advance begin oflforescence.But spraying SAatlaterlforescence could prolonglforescencefor 1-2 days comparedwith the CK. In practicalapplication, spraying GA of 90-150mg/L betweenlfower bud sproutingand earlylfoweringand spraying SA of 30-45mg/Lat earlylfowering not onlyimprove ornament of peachlfowers butalso prolong ornament time.%为了研究植物外源激素对观赏桃花的花期及花径的影响情况,以'照手桃'为材料,分别在其花前期、花中期、花后期喷施不同质量浓度的赤霉素(GA)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA,常见的人工合成的细胞分裂素)、水杨酸(SA) 3种植物外源激素进行试验.结果表明:在花前期、花中期及花后期喷施GA,均可使'照手桃'的花径增大,从而提高桃花的观赏品质.花前期,喷施浓度为120mg/L的 GA可使其花径达到最大值(49.80mm);花中期,喷施浓度为150mg/L的 GA可使其花径达到最大值(52.94mm);花后期,喷施浓度为90mg/L的 GA可使其花径达到最大值(50.61 mm).而喷施不同浓度的6-BA和SA对其花径均表现出抑制作用.在花期调控方面,花前期及花中期喷施GA、6-BA及SA均不能使其进入始花期的时间提前;而在花后期,SA处理可使其开花持续的天数较对照组延长1~2 d.在应用实践中,可于观赏桃的花芽萌动期与始花期之间喷施90~150mg/L的GA,且在始花期时喷施30~45 mg/L的SA,这样可以提高桃花的观赏性并且延长其观赏时间.