苹果枝干轮纹病分生孢子释放规律研究

摘要

In order to understand the release rule ofBotryosphaeria dothidea conidiospores in apple tree branches, and to provide some theoretical basis for controlling the disease, the release trend ofB. dothidea conidiospores was surveyed with the method of glass slide adhesion from 2008 to 2010, and the correlation of the trend with meteorological factors was analyzed, and the regression equation was established by stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that rainfall was the dominant factor of conidiospore releasing at a suitable temperature, the peaks of conidiospore releasing were in July and August, but several secondary peaks could also appear near July and Augus under different weather conditions. The results of correlation analysis indicated that rainfall and mean daily temperature had positive correlation with conidiospore releasing. The results of integrated analysis indicated that rainfall and temperature were the key factors of conidiospore releasing, and the critical period of controlling apple ring rot was before and after rainfall in July and August.%为了明确苹果枝干上轮纹病病原菌分生孢子的释放规律，从而为轮纹病的防治提供理论依据，2008～2010年连续3年采用玻片黏着法对苹果轮纹病枝干上的分生孢子释放动态进行了监测，并结合采集的气象数据进行了相关分析，还采用逐步回归分析法建立了相应的回归方程。观测结果表明：一定的温度条件下，降雨是分生孢子释放的主要影响因素，7、8月是分生孢子释放的高峰期，但根据气候条件的不同，在此前后期也会出现小高峰期。相关分析结果表明：分生孢子释放与降雨量和日平均温度间均呈正相关。文中综合分析认为：降雨和温度都是苹果枝干轮纹病分生孢子释放的关键影响因子，苹果轮纹病防治的关键时期应为7～8月和降雨前后。