分子相互作用体积模型在真空蒸馏分离铅-锡-锑三元合金中的应用

摘要

基于分子相互作用体积模型(MIVM)，计算Pb−Sn−Sb三元合金体系的活度，并使用活度系数计算真空蒸馏过程中Pb−Sn−Sb三元合金体系的气液相平衡。结果表明：随着蒸馏温度和液相中锡含量的增加，气相中锡含量也不断增加；然而，在1100°C液相中锡含量为97%(质量分数)时，气相中锡含量仅为0.45%，分离效果较好。在真空(10 Pa)条件下，在1100~1300°C蒸馏温度范围内进行真空蒸馏分离Pb−Sn−Sb三元合金实验。结果表明：在1100°C时，当液相中锡含量为97%时，气相中锡含量为0.54%。最后对比分析了实验结果和预测值，分析表明实验结果和预测值吻合较好。%Based on the molecular interaction volume model (MIVM), the activities of components of Pb−Sn−Sb ternary alloy were predicted. The vapor−liquid phase equilibrium of Pb−Sn−Sb alloy system was calculated using the activity coefficients of Pb−Sn−Sb alloy system in the process of vacuum distillation. The calculated results show that the content of Sn in vapor phase increases with the increasing distillation temperature and content of Sn in liquid phase. However, the content of Sn in vapor phase is only 0.45%(mass fraction) while 97% in liquid phase at 1100 °C, which shows that the separating effect is very well. Experimental investigations on the separation of Pb−Sn−Sb ternary alloy were carried out in the distillation temperature range of 1100−1300 °C under vacuum condition. It is found that the Sn content in vapor phase is 0.54%while 97%in liquid phase at 1100 °C. Finally, the predicted data were compared with the experimental results showing good agreement with each other.