首页> 中文期刊> 《旅游学刊》 >旅游警务服务管理模式的探索性构建——基于福建崇武的经验

旅游警务服务管理模式的探索性构建——基于福建崇武的经验

         

摘要

Small-scale travel destinations composed of scenic areas and their surrounding communities serve as the basic units of tourism activities. These destinations'governments and governmental services, especially their police departments, take on the basic work of tourist security services and management. The present study concerns the means of creating a new model that can combine community policing and scenic site management to service small-scale travel destination tourism security management. This research takes the town of Chongwu,in Fujian Province,as a case study.The present study collected policing data from Chongwu encompassing 2009 to 2015. Through secondary analysis and coding of the data, a database of security cases in which tourists were involved was assembled. The research found that tourists'security service requirements take on the feature of all time and area with regard to the tourists'security cases. To research the level of the tourism security management modernization with regard to cases, the research group conducted a 19-day field investigation collecting qualitative data via semi-structured interviews with key persons. The research also built a secondary, auxiliary database that included tourism security conference materials, news reports about tourist security,and certain relevant documents and files.Through semi-structured interviews with key persons,we found that the local police department assumes a highly important role in tourism security service and management. With the rising number of tourists, the conventional tourism security management model was incapable of accommodating tourists'security requirements.The conventional tourism security management structure is not rational and the management procedures are outdated.In efforts to rectify these problems, the destination police department has, periodically from 2013, developed a series of effective measures such as police department facility improvement, 110 emergency response system optimization,and police-school-media cooperation.The policing statistics indicate that the number of tourist security cases is declining and the destination's safety reputation is continuously improving. However, some disadvantages still exist. First, the bureaucracy involved in tourist security services and management is widely blamed.Additionally,tourism security management through police departments suffers from a lack of funding.Finally,local police departments have a lack of organizational ability in their leadership and in working together with related departments for the sake of tourism security management. Based on the analysis of cases, the present research attempted to construct a tourism policing model that can be applicable to small-scale travel destinations. The model establishes a permanent tourism security management organ at the county government level, establishes a tourism security information integration platform,and improves the tourist safety management closed loop process.The tourism policing organizational structure promotes cooperation by the public security government hierarchical organization and participation of multiple subjects in tourism security management. It is necessary to have correct understanding of the relation between government leadership and multi-subject participation and to establish comprehensive tourism security management systems at travel destinations. The tourism policing mode is characterized by the combination of community policing and scenic spot management. This mode provides a new approach to implementing tourism security management at small-scale travel destinations.%景区及其周边社区所构成的小尺度目的地是旅游活动开展的基本单元,目的地政府承载着游客安全服务管理的基础性工作.在科层制备受诟病的管理实践中,构建一种社区警务与景区管理相结合的模式是文章关注的问题所在.基于福建崇武的案例研究显示,目的地公安部门通过基础设施的提升、处警流程的优化、警校媒共建和内设义务队的方式,能够在一定程度上缓解游客安全服务管理全时空性需求与科层结构不合理、管理流程固化的矛盾.文章尝试性地构建适用于小尺度目的地的旅游警务模式,在县级政府层面设置游客安全管理常设机构、整合游客安全信息平台、完善游客安全管理闭环流程,通过旅游目的地公安部门实现政府科层组织与多元主体参与的网络组织的"握手",形成兼具两者优长的中间性组织,为社区警务与景区管理相结合提供了新的思路.

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